This powerful essay by Elizabeth Winslow McAuliffe in Public Integrity shows how the lottery is a public policy failure by spotlighting two fact-based conclusions: 1) the evidence indicates that the original aims of the state lottery have not been fulfilled; and 2) the lottery cannot be defended as an ethical enterprise for government.
This excellent blog post from The Tax Foundation highlights how the state of Oregon, after passing a smoking ban in bars and restaurants to restrict a dangerous activity, launched an aggressive advertising campaign to promote the Lottery’s highly-addictive electronic gambling machines to make up for the anticipated loss of revenue caused by the smoking ban.
The Tax Foundation – Reading Between the Lines of Oregon’s Video Lottery Terminals
The Discover Magazine blog helps explain the allure of slot machines and the difficulty that some gamblers have in walking away by highlighting that, to a gambler’s brain, a near miss provides almost the same high as a win.
Slot Machines Near Misses Are Perfectly Tuned to Stoke the Addiction
According the New York Times: “States are also trying to bolster the number of ‘core’ players, according to interviews with lottery officials in several states. Such players typically represent only 10 percent to 15 percent of all players but account for 80 percent of sales, according to Independent Lottery Research, which does research and marketing for state lotteries.”
Prior to the massive crash of the highly-predatory subprime lending business which nearly every state Attorney General sued for their predatory practices, former Harrah’s top executive Rich Mirman boasted to Wall Street Journal reporter Christina Binkley: “I worked in the subprime lending industry. At least casinos are open about what they do.”
The infamous subprime lender Countrywide Mortgage made a lot of money and employed a lot of people by selling bad loans to citizens who could never afford to pay them back. Countrywide’s “success” was phony prosperity and it caused major damage to our economy which all of us are still paying for today. Presently, our state governments across the U.S. are full partners with corporate gambling operators whose business practices go far beyond failed subprime lenders like Countrywide.
Respected gambling researcher Robert Goodman has called lottery advertising “the pathology of hope” and state lotteries, because of their exemption from truth-in-advertising laws, fully exploit this pathology.
Most industries and companies are subject to truth-in-advertising laws enforced by the Federal Trade Commission. According to these laws, advertising must be truthful and non-deceptive, advertisers must have evidence to back up their claims, and advertisements cannot be unfair. Since 1974, the U.S. Congress has exempted state-run lotteries from these laws. Because of this, governments and lotteries have wide latitude in how they can promote their product, exaggerate chances of winning, and encourage more of our fellow citizens to lose their money instead of saving or investing. All federal laws relative to the lottery can be found in Title 18 of the U.S. Code, Sections 1301 to 1307. The final section, 1307, outlines the lottery’s exemption from truth-in-advertising laws.
These predatory and deceptive practices can be found in the media plans of the lotteries. Ohio’s Super Lotto media plan, for example, stated that lottery promotions should be timed to coincide with the receipt of government benefits, payroll and Social Security payments.
This essay written by Barbara Dafoe Whitehead appeared in the July/August 2008 issue of The American Interest. It is excerpted and adapted from For a New Thrift: Confronting the Debt Culture, a report released in May 2008 by the Commission on Thrift. Whitehead exposes how anti-thrift institutions like state lotteries, casinos, payday lenders and credit card companies hinder the average American’s ability to save their earnings and get ahead financially. These institutions have been the main contributors to the growing amount of consumer debt accumulated in recent decades. Whitehead calls on the public to reform these institutions and to advocate for a culture based on saving and wealth-building.
Predatory gambling in Australia has matured faster than that in America, providing valuable lessons on addiction. Mark Dickerson, a noted academic from the University of Western Sydney, shared his work at McGill University in Montreal, Canada. Essentially, Dickerson proves conclusively that the only truly “responsible” gamblers are professional gamblers. Gambling is designed, marketed and packaged to carry customers beyond the point of reason and control. Dickerson believes there are methods the gambling operators could employ to ameliorate these dangers. But operators are unlikely to voluntarily jeopardize revenues from its victims. The study provides remarkable insight into how predatory gambling works and what it does to its customers. The second report below was also written by Professor Dickerson and it deals with similar issues as the study above. In the second report he notes the difficulty of identifying problem gamblers and suggests ways the operators could reduce harm.
Studies of lottery spending, including this study from the Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis in 2008, show lottery revenue comes largely from Social Security, unemployment and other forms of government support. Government, in other words, is paying government — with an enormous amount of money being siphoned off by gambling interests. It also reflects a key reason why predatory gambling worsens state budget deficits over time and taxpayers end up footing the bill.
MUST-READ. Here’s what may be the best investigative news story about electronic gambling machines and the partnership between the predatory gambling trade and our government written to date. The reporter was Isaiah Thompson of the Philadelphia City Paper and it appeared in January 2009.
